PCB layout is one of the important aspects of electronic product design and has a crucial impact on product performance and reliability. When making PCB layout, following the 3W principle can help designers better understand the requirements of the layout, so as to design a better circuit board. This article will detail the specific content of the 3W principle and explore its application in board design.
Definition of the 3W principle
The 3W principle refers to the three aspects of “Wiring, Worship, Waste”. Among them,
1.”Wiring” refers to the signal transmission line on the circuit board, including signal line, power line, ground wire, etc.;
2. “Worship” refers to the power supply lines on the circuit board, including power input, power filtering, power distribution, etc.;
3. “Waste” refers to the waste of space on the board, including board size, device layout, line direction, etc. The three aspects are interrelated, and the problems in one area affect the other two.
Therefore, following the 3W principle can help designers better balance these three aspects in board design, so as to design better circuit boards.
Wiring
Wiring refers to the signal transmission line on the circuit board, including signal line, power line, ground wire, etc. When designing a board, the layout of the wiring is a critical part. A good wiring layout can improve the reliability and performance of the circuit, and reduce the noise and interference of the circuit. When making a wire layout, you need to pay attention to the following points:
1. The length of the signal transmission route should be as short as possible, which can reduce signal interference and transmission errors.
2. The width and distance of the signal transmission route should be reasonably selected to ensure the stable transmission of the signal.
3. The signal line and power line should be separated from each other to avoid the influence of power supply noise on signal transmission.
4. The signal line and ground wire should be separated from each other to avoid the influence of ground wire noise on signal transmission.
5. The layout of the signal transmission route should avoid crossover and ring to reduce signal interference and transmission error.
Worship
Worship refers to the power supply lines on the circuit board, including power input, power filtering, power distribution, etc. When designing a circuit board, the layout of the power supply is a very important part. When making a power supply layout, you need to pay attention to the following points:
1. The power input should be concentrated in one position of the circuit board as much as possible for power filtering.
2. The power supply filter capacitor should be as close as possible to the power supply pin to improve the filtering effect.
3. Power distribution should be balanced as much as possible to avoid power supply noise and overload problems.
4. Power distribution and signal lines should be separated from each other to avoid the influence of power supply noise on signal transmission.
5. The power line and ground wire should be separated from each other to avoid the influence of ground wire noise on the power supply.
Waste
Waste refers to the problem of wasted space on the board, including board size, device layout, wiring direction, etc. Waste is also an area to be concerned about when designing boards. When making a layout, you need to pay attention to the following points:
1. The size of the circuit board should be as small as possible to reduce the material cost and the complexity of the layout.
2. The layout of the devices and components should be reasonable to reduce the length and complexity of the connection as much as possible.
3. The distance between devices and components should be reasonable to avoid signal interference and transmission errors.
4. The direction of the line should be simple and direct to reduce signal interference and transmission errors.
5. The use of space should be sufficient to avoid a large area of blank space on the board.
The relationship between 3W
The three aspects of the 3W principle are not completely independent, and they are interrelated. When designing a circuit board, it is necessary to pay attention to these relationships to ensure the comprehensiveness and reliability of the design.
For example, when making a wiring layout, there are factors that need to be considered for power supply and waste. If the layout of the wiring results in a lot of wasted space on the board, then it is necessary to rethink the layout of the wiring to reduce the waste of space.
Similarly, when making a worship layout, there are also factors that need to be considered for wiring and waste. If the layout of the power line causes the length of the signal line to be too long, then it is necessary to reconsider the layout of the power line to reduce the error and disturbance of signal transmission.
Summary
The 3W principle is a very important principle in board design, which can help designers better understand the requirements of the layout and design a better circuit board. When designing the circuit board, it is necessary to pay attention to the relationship between wire, worship and waste to ensure the comprehensiveness and reliability of the design.
At the same time, in specific practice, other factors need to be considered, such as the selection of devices and the complexity of layout. Only by considering various factors can a circuit board that meets the requirements be designed.
